Perinatal Mental Health conditions are the number one complication of childbearing.
There are several types of Perinatal Mental Health conditions that can occur during the perinatal period (including pregnancy, postpartum, and post-loss) and affect not only the pregnant person but also other family members, including dads and partners. Some of these may occur individually, but you may experience a combination of PMH conditions during the perinatal period.
Perinatal depression
Perinatal depression, including postpartum depression, occurs more often than most people realize – in fact, it is the most common complication of childbearing. Studies show that 1 in 5 women or 1 in 10 men may experience depression during the perinatal period. However, the numbers are likely higher and increase for high-stress parenting groups.
Symptoms
Symptoms can start anytime during the perinatal period and they differ for each person. They might include the following:
Feelings of anger or irritability & rage
Lack of interest in the baby
Appetite and sleep disturbance
Crying and sadness
Feelings of guilt, shame, or hopelessness
Loss of interest, joy, or pleasure in things you used to enjoy
Possible thoughts of harming the baby or yourself
Riks factors
Research shows that all of the things listed below put you at a higher risk for perinatal depression. If you have any of these factors, you should discuss them with your medical provider so that you can plan ahead for the care you may need.
A personal or family history of depression, anxiety, or perinatal depression
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD or PMS)
Inadequate support in caring for the baby
Financial stress
Marital stress
Complications in pregnancy, birth, or lactation.
A major recent life event: loss, house move, job loss
Birth of multiples
Infants/Children who visit the Neonatal Intensive Care (NICU)
Infertility treatments
Thyroid imbalance
Any form of diabetes (type 1, type 2, or gestational)
In addition, belonging to a high-stress parenting group may also be a risk factor. High-risk parenting groups might include:
Queer and Trans Families
Military Families
Teen Parents
Parent(s) of Multiples
Single Parents
Parents of Color
Near Miss Survivor
Those who experience a loss
Treatment options
Perinatal depression is treatable, and there are many options to consider when looking for the correct treatment option. You should consult your doctor or therapist, to find the right plan for you. Some may include:
Social Support & Practical Help: including activities like prioritizing sleep, time for self, reading, podcasts, meditation, asking for help & support groups.
Mental Health Counseling: Evidence-based therapy types may include CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) & IPT (Interpersonal Psychotherapy), but others may be an option.
Medical Evaluation and Treatment: Medication may be an option, and you must consult a doctor to see what will work for you. Antidepressants are the most commonly used to treat depression. Medication Resources for lactation and pregnancy are listed here.
Intensive Treatment Facilities are available and are listed here.
Disclaimer:
The information contained on this Web site should not be used as a substitute for the medical care and advice of your pediatrician. There may be variations in treatment that your pediatrician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances.
Credit: Postpartum Support International
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